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Alabama

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		Alabama Archives: Teacher Packet ^Votes:0 Using Primary Sources in the Classroom: Creek Indian War, 1813-1814 Unit Introduction to the Creek War, 1813-14 Unit In the early part of the sixteenth century, white explorers who visited the territory now forming the southeastern United States found it occupied by tribes of American Indians who had lived there for centuries. The Creek, Cherokee, Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw Indians saw the land they inhabited become an object of desire for the visitors. Inevitably, this interest in the southeastern Indian land caused contention, conflict, and the eventual forced removal of the tribes to Indian Territory in what is now Oklahoma. As white settlers began to move into the region at the start of the nineteenth century, the Creeks became increasingly hostile. Many did not wish to adopt the Read More Go to Site


		Alabama Archives: Teacher Packet ^Votes:0 Using Primary Sources in the Classroom: The Great Depression Unit Introduction to the Great Depression Unit After World War I, America and Alabama experienced an economic boom. Large segments of the Alabama economy enjoyed the same boom, the war needs of the country having stimulated manufacturing in the state. A relatively diversified industrial sector featuring textile mills, coal mines, iron and steel furnaces, and timber saw mills produced treasured resources for the needs of World War I and after. As Alabama's population grew in the 1920s, business and industry increasingly were attracted to the state where labor was abundant and cheap. The resulting boom was concentrated in urban areas but much of Alabama shared in the immediate post-war prosperity. Although the Great Crash of the st Read More Go to Site

		Alabama Archives: Teacher Packet -- The Alabama Constitution of 1901 Unit ^Votes:0 Using Primary Sources in the Classroom: The Alabama Constitution of 1901 Unit Introduction to the 1901 Constitution Unit As the 20th century dawned in Alabama, demands to redraw the basic framework of state government grew. The "Redeemer Constitution" of 1875 had effectively wrested political control from the coalition of Republican "scalawags" (native Republicans), "carpetbaggers" (Northern opportunists), and newly freed blacks who had briefly held power during Reconstruction. However, its limits on state support for commercial development through river improvement and railroad construction, and its low tax ceilings which kept schools poor increasingly drew criticism from reform-minded Alabamians. Of greater importance to the politically powerful was the need Read More Go to Site

		Alabama Archives: Teacher Packet, World War I ^Votes:0 Using Primary Sources in the Classroom: World War I Unit Introduction to the World War I Unit Between 1914 and 1919 the world was engulfed in "The Great War" as the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, and Bulgaria) fought the Allied Powers (primarily Russia, Great Britian, France, Italy, and later, the United States) over territory and national honor. Secret and entangling alliances had placed a stranglehold on the great countries of Europe by the early twentieth century resulting in war that involved the entire globe. America, an ocean away from Europe, was in the midst of a great burst of creative energy which had produced exciting new inventions and quickening industrialization. The wave of immigration from Europe continued into the new century, creating social and economi Read More Go to Site

		Alabama Archives: Teacher Packet: Civil Rights Movement ^Votes:0 Using Primary Sources in the Classroom: Civil Rights Movement Unit Introduction to the Civil Rights Movement Unit Many of the major events which defined the modern Civil Rights Movement in America took place in Alabama during the 1950s and 1960s. Concerted efforts to guarantee African Americans equal access to public and private transportation, schools, voting booths, economic opportunities, and housing caused tremendous social turmoil all over the South, where legal discrimination against black Americans was most pronounced. From Alabama emerged two of the leading figures in the struggle. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. came to prominence here as a spokesman for African Americans seeking equality, while Governor George C. Wallace became the symbol for white resistance to racial integration. M Read More Go to Site

		Alabama Archives: Teacher Packet ^Votes:0 Using Primary Sources in the Classroom: Slavery Unit Introduction to the Slavery Unit: No subject in the American past has incited greater discussion and inflamed more controversy than slavery. From the arrival of the first Africans at Jamestown in 1619, through the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, to contemporary historical debates, the presence and enslavement of Africans has been defended, attacked and analyzed. It was primarily the issue of slavery that thrust the nation into an agonizing and costly Civil War more than a century ago and the impact of the experience of slavery is still reverberating through Black and White America today. For people living in the last half of the twentieth century, it is difficult to comprehend exactly what slavery must have meant to white and black pe Read More Go to Site

		Alabama Archives: Teacher Packet ^Votes:0 Using Primary Sources in the Classroom: Civil War Unit Introduction to the Civil War Unit: When Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States in 1860, Alabama seceded from the United States along with other Southern states. The Confederate States of America was organized in Alabama's Senate Chamber in Montgomery. On the capitol portico Jefferson Davis of Mississippi was inaugurated President of the new government. Montgomery was the Confederacy's "cradle" for three months and then the capital was moved to Richmond, Virginia. Although many Alabamians did not want the Confederate capital moved, the move saved Montgomery and central Alabama from becoming prime war targets. With the exception of the Battle of Mobile Bay, few major battles took place in Alabama. Rather, military ac Read More Go to Site

		Alabama Archives: Teacher Packet ^Votes:0 Using Primary Sources in the Classroom: Reconstruction Unit Introduction to Reconstruction Unit Alabama was desolate after four years of Civil War. The social and economic fabric of the state was torn as its citizens looked about them at the material devastation while mourning the loss of as many as 70,000 men killed or disabled. Industry and agriculture were destitute, having suffered invading Union troops and foraging armies on both sides during the conflict, particularly in the northern counties. While the state's Black Belt largely was untouched by the fighting until the very end of the war, its once-rich cotton economy was in shambles as the black slaves upon which its wealth depended were freed with the war's end. Economic recovery was complicated by social tensions between those who Read More Go to Site

		Alabama Archives: Teacher Packet: Settlement ^Votes:0 Using Primary Sources in the Classrooom: Settlement Unit Introduction to the Settlement Unit: The defeat of the Creek Indians opened the heartland of Alabama to white settlement and caused Alabama fever to sweep the nation. Pioneers by the thousands left Tennessee, Georgia, the Carolinas, and Virginia seeking fertile land for growing cotton. Mississippi territorial law was in place, but when Mississippi became a state, Congress created the Alabama Territory in 1817. Congress designated St. Stephens as capital of the Alabama Territory and approved a legislature of Alabama delegates already elected to the old Mississippi territorial legislature. William Wyatt Bibb, a Georgia physician who had served in the United States Congress and had powerful friends in Washington, was named Territorial g Read More Go to Site

		Fort Morgan and the Battle of Mobile Bay ^Votes:0 Fort Morgan and the Battle of Mobile Bay (Fort Morgan State Historic Site) U nder the early light of dawn, Union Adm. David Farragut began his attack on Mobile Bay, Alabama. Aware of the danger near Fort Morgan, Farragut ordered his captains to stay to the "eastward of the easternmost buoy" because it was "understood that there are torpedoes and other obstructions between the buoys."¹ Unfortunately, the lead ironclad, the USS Tecumseh , unable to avoid the danger, struck a mine and sank into the oceans depths. Yet, against all odds, the seasoned admiral ordered his flagship, the Hartford , and his fleet to press forward through the underwater minefield and into Mobile Bay. Although Farragut was a champion of the "wooden navy," he agreed to include four new iro Read More Go to Site

		Idaho State Historical Society Home Page ^Votes:0 Legislators from Latah and Nez Perce Counties met on November 5, 2007 to familiarize themselves with ISHS programs and budget. L-R: Tom Trail, Shirley Ringo, Keith Petersen (ISHS State Historian and Assoc. Director), Joe Stegner, Janet Gallimore (ISHS Executive Director), Gary Schroeder, and John Rusche. The Mountain Light is the quarterly newsletter of the Idaho State Historical Society. Please help us better serve our members and Mountain Light readers by taking a few moments to complete this survey. We will use your comments as a guide to changes to this publication. Follow the route of the Lewis and Clark Expedition across Idaho with a new book from the Idaho State Historical Society. Lewis and Clark Across the Mountains: Mapping the Corps of Discovery in Idaho, by Steve F. Russell, in Read More Go to Site

		Table of Contents - Centennial Lesson Plans ^Votes:0 Utah Centennial Studies by Sheri Sohm and Mari Domanski Preface For nearly fifty years, Utahans struggled to achieve statehood. After only a couple of years in the valley, the Utah delegate to the National Congress was instructed to apply for statehood. Caught up in the Compromise of 1850, Utah became a territory of the United States, but Statehood was denied. Again in 1856, the plea for statehood fell on distrustful ears, and Johnston's Army was sent to Utah instead. During the Civil War, when others were trying to get out of the Union, Utah renewed its efforts to get in. The struggle was long and frustrating. Only after considerable compromise and earnest efforts was Utah Statehood achieved on January 4, 1896. Now, in 1996, Utahans will celebrate 100 years of statehood. Quite naturally, Read More Go to Site

		The Battle of Horseshoe Bend: Collision of Cultures ^Votes:0 The Battle of Horseshoe Bend: Collision of Cultures (Horseshoe Bend National Military Park) T oday the Tallapoosa River quietly winds its way through east-central Alabama, its banks edged by the remnants of the forest that once covered the Southeast. About halfway down its 270-mile run to the southwest, the river curls back on itself to form a peninsula. The land defined by this "horseshoe bend" covers about 100 wooded acres; a finger of high ground points down its center, and an island stands sentinel on its west side. This tranquil setting belies the violence that cut through Horseshoe Bend on March 27, 1814. On the peninsula stood 1,000 American Indian warriors, members of the tribe European Americans knew as the Creek. These men, along with 350 women and children, had arrived Read More Go to Site

		Using Primary Sources in the Classroom - World War II ^Votes:0 Introduction to the World War II Unit T he Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 ended both the Great Depression and peace in America. Most of the world had been at war since 1939 when Adolph Hitler's Germany had invaded Poland, but the United States had been reluctant to become involved in European problems. Many Alabamians shared this hesitancy to intervene even as the state's industries profited from the purchases of textiles, steel, and iron by those allied against the Axis Powers of Germany and Japan. As in the First World War, an inexpensive labor force and abundant natural resources made Alabama a perfect location for industrial development. Once America entered the war, the people of Alabama were dedicated to the war effort. Women who went to work in the factories and Read More Go to Site

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